initial

database/.gitignore

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+*.sqlite*

database/factories/ApprovalStepFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use App\Models\ApprovalWorkflow;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\ApprovalStep>
+ */
+class ApprovalStepFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'workflow_id' => ApprovalWorkflow::factory(),
+            'order' => fake()->numberBetween(1, 5),
+            'name' => fake()->words(2, true),
+            'role' => fake()->randomElement(['travel_approver', 'administrator']),
+        ];
+    }
+}

database/factories/ApprovalWorkflowFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\ApprovalWorkflow>
+ */
+class ApprovalWorkflowFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'name' => fake()->words(3, true),
+            'description' => fake()->sentence(),
+            'is_active' => true,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function inactive(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state(['is_active' => false]);
+    }
+}

database/factories/EmergencyContactFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\EmergencyContact>
+ */
+class EmergencyContactFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'user_id' => User::factory(),
+            'full_name' => fake()->name(),
+            'phone_number' => fake()->phoneNumber(),
+            'relationship' => fake()->randomElement(['Spouse', 'Parent', 'Sibling', 'Friend']),
+        ];
+    }
+}

database/factories/TravelCostCodeFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use App\Models\TravelRequest;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\TravelCostCode>
+ */
+class TravelCostCodeFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'travel_request_id' => TravelRequest::factory(),
+            'business_unit' => strtoupper(fake()->lexify('BU???')),
+            'project_grant' => fake()->optional()->numerify('PG-#####'),
+            'account_code' => strtoupper(fake()->lexify('AC????')),
+            'class_code' => fake()->optional()->numerify('CC###'),
+        ];
+    }
+}

database/factories/TravelJourneyFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use App\Enums\JourneyMethod;
+use App\Models\TravelRequest;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\TravelJourney>
+ */
+class TravelJourneyFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'travel_request_id' => TravelRequest::factory(),
+            'origin' => fake()->city(),
+            'destination' => fake()->city(),
+            'date' => fake()->dateTimeBetween('+1 week', '+3 months')->format('Y-m-d'),
+            'time' => fake()->time('H:i'),
+            'method' => fake()->randomElement(JourneyMethod::cases()),
+        ];
+    }
+}

database/factories/TravelRequestApprovalFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use App\Enums\ApprovalStatus;
+use App\Models\ApprovalStep;
+use App\Models\TravelRequest;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\TravelRequestApproval>
+ */
+class TravelRequestApprovalFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'travel_request_id' => TravelRequest::factory(),
+            'approval_step_id' => ApprovalStep::factory(),
+            'approver_id' => null,
+            'status' => ApprovalStatus::Pending,
+            'comments' => null,
+            'acted_at' => null,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function approved(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state([
+            'status' => ApprovalStatus::Approved,
+            'approver_id' => User::factory(),
+            'acted_at' => now(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function rejected(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state([
+            'status' => ApprovalStatus::Rejected,
+            'approver_id' => User::factory(),
+            'comments' => fake()->sentence(),
+            'acted_at' => now(),
+        ]);
+    }
+}

database/factories/TravelRequestFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use App\Enums\EventType;
+use App\Enums\GeneralType;
+use App\Enums\TravelStatus;
+use App\Models\ApprovalWorkflow;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\TravelRequest>
+ */
+class TravelRequestFactory extends Factory
+{
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'user_id' => User::factory(),
+            'workflow_id' => null,
+            'status' => TravelStatus::Draft,
+            'reason_summary' => fake()->paragraph(),
+            'event_type' => fake()->randomElement([null, EventType::Conference, EventType::AnnualInPersonMeeting]),
+            'general_type' => null,
+            'needs_accommodation' => fake()->boolean(),
+            'needs_car_hire' => fake()->boolean(),
+            'vehicle_policy_acknowledged' => false,
+            'business_days' => fake()->numberBetween(1, 5),
+            'private_days' => fake()->numberBetween(0, 3),
+            'additional_notes' => fake()->optional()->sentence(),
+            'submitted_at' => null,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function pending(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state([
+            'status' => TravelStatus::Pending,
+            'submitted_at' => now(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function approved(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state([
+            'status' => TravelStatus::Approved,
+            'submitted_at' => now(),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function rejected(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state([
+            'status' => TravelStatus::Rejected,
+            'submitted_at' => now(),
+        ]);
+    }
+}

database/factories/UserFactory.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Factories;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+
+/**
+ * @extends \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\Factory<\App\Models\User>
+ */
+class UserFactory extends Factory
+{
+    /**
+     * The current password being used by the factory.
+     */
+    protected static ?string $password;
+
+    /**
+     * Define the model's default state.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    public function definition(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'name' => fake()->name(),
+            'email' => fake()->unique()->safeEmail(),
+            'email_verified_at' => now(),
+            'password' => static::$password ??= Hash::make('password'),
+            'remember_token' => Str::random(10),
+            'username' => fake()->unique()->userName(),
+            'phone' => fake()->phoneNumber(),
+            'department' => fake()->randomElement(['Medicine', 'Nursing', 'Allied Health', 'Administration']),
+            'title' => fake()->jobTitle(),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate that the model's email address should be unverified.
+     */
+    public function unverified(): static
+    {
+        return $this->state(fn (array $attributes) => [
+            'email_verified_at' => null,
+        ]);
+    }
+}

database/migrations/0001_01_01_000000_create_users_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->string('name');
+            $table->string('email')->unique();
+            $table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();
+            $table->string('password');
+            $table->rememberToken();
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+
+        Schema::create('password_reset_tokens', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('email')->primary();
+            $table->string('token');
+            $table->timestamp('created_at')->nullable();
+        });
+
+        Schema::create('sessions', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('id')->primary();
+            $table->foreignId('user_id')->nullable()->index();
+            $table->string('ip_address', 45)->nullable();
+            $table->text('user_agent')->nullable();
+            $table->longText('payload');
+            $table->integer('last_activity')->index();
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
+        Schema::dropIfExists('password_reset_tokens');
+        Schema::dropIfExists('sessions');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/0001_01_01_000001_create_cache_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('cache', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('key')->primary();
+            $table->mediumText('value');
+            $table->integer('expiration')->index();
+        });
+
+        Schema::create('cache_locks', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('key')->primary();
+            $table->string('owner');
+            $table->integer('expiration')->index();
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('cache');
+        Schema::dropIfExists('cache_locks');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/0001_01_01_000002_create_jobs_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('jobs', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->string('queue')->index();
+            $table->longText('payload');
+            $table->unsignedTinyInteger('attempts');
+            $table->unsignedInteger('reserved_at')->nullable();
+            $table->unsignedInteger('available_at');
+            $table->unsignedInteger('created_at');
+        });
+
+        Schema::create('job_batches', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('id')->primary();
+            $table->string('name');
+            $table->integer('total_jobs');
+            $table->integer('pending_jobs');
+            $table->integer('failed_jobs');
+            $table->longText('failed_job_ids');
+            $table->mediumText('options')->nullable();
+            $table->integer('cancelled_at')->nullable();
+            $table->integer('created_at');
+            $table->integer('finished_at')->nullable();
+        });
+
+        Schema::create('failed_jobs', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->string('uuid')->unique();
+            $table->text('connection');
+            $table->text('queue');
+            $table->longText('payload');
+            $table->longText('exception');
+            $table->timestamp('failed_at')->useCurrent();
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('jobs');
+        Schema::dropIfExists('job_batches');
+        Schema::dropIfExists('failed_jobs');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_020358_create_permission_tables.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        $teams = config('permission.teams');
+        $tableNames = config('permission.table_names');
+        $columnNames = config('permission.column_names');
+        $pivotRole = $columnNames['role_pivot_key'] ?? 'role_id';
+        $pivotPermission = $columnNames['permission_pivot_key'] ?? 'permission_id';
+
+        throw_if(empty($tableNames), 'Error: config/permission.php not loaded. Run [php artisan config:clear] and try again.');
+        throw_if($teams && empty($columnNames['team_foreign_key'] ?? null), 'Error: team_foreign_key on config/permission.php not loaded. Run [php artisan config:clear] and try again.');
+
+        /**
+         * See `docs/prerequisites.md` for suggested lengths on 'name' and 'guard_name' if "1071 Specified key was too long" errors are encountered.
+         */
+        Schema::create($tableNames['permissions'], static function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id(); // permission id
+            $table->string('name');
+            $table->string('guard_name');
+            $table->timestamps();
+
+            $table->unique(['name', 'guard_name']);
+        });
+
+        /**
+         * See `docs/prerequisites.md` for suggested lengths on 'name' and 'guard_name' if "1071 Specified key was too long" errors are encountered.
+         */
+        Schema::create($tableNames['roles'], static function (Blueprint $table) use ($teams, $columnNames) {
+            $table->id(); // role id
+            if ($teams || config('permission.testing')) { // permission.testing is a fix for sqlite testing
+                $table->unsignedBigInteger($columnNames['team_foreign_key'])->nullable();
+                $table->index($columnNames['team_foreign_key'], 'roles_team_foreign_key_index');
+            }
+            $table->string('name');
+            $table->string('guard_name');
+            $table->timestamps();
+            if ($teams || config('permission.testing')) {
+                $table->unique([$columnNames['team_foreign_key'], 'name', 'guard_name']);
+            } else {
+                $table->unique(['name', 'guard_name']);
+            }
+        });
+
+        Schema::create($tableNames['model_has_permissions'], static function (Blueprint $table) use ($tableNames, $columnNames, $pivotPermission, $teams) {
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger($pivotPermission);
+
+            $table->string('model_type');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger($columnNames['model_morph_key']);
+            $table->index([$columnNames['model_morph_key'], 'model_type'], 'model_has_permissions_model_id_model_type_index');
+
+            $table->foreign($pivotPermission)
+                ->references('id') // permission id
+                ->on($tableNames['permissions'])
+                ->cascadeOnDelete();
+            if ($teams) {
+                $table->unsignedBigInteger($columnNames['team_foreign_key']);
+                $table->index($columnNames['team_foreign_key'], 'model_has_permissions_team_foreign_key_index');
+
+                $table->primary([$columnNames['team_foreign_key'], $pivotPermission, $columnNames['model_morph_key'], 'model_type'],
+                    'model_has_permissions_permission_model_type_primary');
+            } else {
+                $table->primary([$pivotPermission, $columnNames['model_morph_key'], 'model_type'],
+                    'model_has_permissions_permission_model_type_primary');
+            }
+        });
+
+        Schema::create($tableNames['model_has_roles'], static function (Blueprint $table) use ($tableNames, $columnNames, $pivotRole, $teams) {
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger($pivotRole);
+
+            $table->string('model_type');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger($columnNames['model_morph_key']);
+            $table->index([$columnNames['model_morph_key'], 'model_type'], 'model_has_roles_model_id_model_type_index');
+
+            $table->foreign($pivotRole)
+                ->references('id') // role id
+                ->on($tableNames['roles'])
+                ->cascadeOnDelete();
+            if ($teams) {
+                $table->unsignedBigInteger($columnNames['team_foreign_key']);
+                $table->index($columnNames['team_foreign_key'], 'model_has_roles_team_foreign_key_index');
+
+                $table->primary([$columnNames['team_foreign_key'], $pivotRole, $columnNames['model_morph_key'], 'model_type'],
+                    'model_has_roles_role_model_type_primary');
+            } else {
+                $table->primary([$pivotRole, $columnNames['model_morph_key'], 'model_type'],
+                    'model_has_roles_role_model_type_primary');
+            }
+        });
+
+        Schema::create($tableNames['role_has_permissions'], static function (Blueprint $table) use ($tableNames, $pivotRole, $pivotPermission) {
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger($pivotPermission);
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger($pivotRole);
+
+            $table->foreign($pivotPermission)
+                ->references('id') // permission id
+                ->on($tableNames['permissions'])
+                ->cascadeOnDelete();
+
+            $table->foreign($pivotRole)
+                ->references('id') // role id
+                ->on($tableNames['roles'])
+                ->cascadeOnDelete();
+
+            $table->primary([$pivotPermission, $pivotRole], 'role_has_permissions_permission_id_role_id_primary');
+        });
+
+        app('cache')
+            ->store(config('permission.cache.store') != 'default' ? config('permission.cache.store') : null)
+            ->forget(config('permission.cache.key'));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        $tableNames = config('permission.table_names');
+
+        throw_if(empty($tableNames), 'Error: config/permission.php not found and defaults could not be merged. Please publish the package configuration before proceeding, or drop the tables manually.');
+
+        Schema::dropIfExists($tableNames['role_has_permissions']);
+        Schema::dropIfExists($tableNames['model_has_roles']);
+        Schema::dropIfExists($tableNames['model_has_permissions']);
+        Schema::dropIfExists($tableNames['roles']);
+        Schema::dropIfExists($tableNames['permissions']);
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_020958_create_emergency_contacts_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('emergency_contacts', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->string('full_name');
+            $table->string('phone_number');
+            $table->string('relationship');
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('emergency_contacts');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_020958_modify_users_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->string('ldap_guid')->nullable()->unique()->after('id');
+            $table->string('ldap_domain')->nullable()->after('ldap_guid');
+            $table->string('username')->nullable()->unique()->after('ldap_domain');
+            $table->string('phone')->nullable()->after('email');
+            $table->string('department')->nullable()->after('phone');
+            $table->string('title')->nullable()->after('department');
+            $table->string('password')->nullable()->change();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->dropColumn(['ldap_guid', 'ldap_domain', 'username', 'phone', 'department', 'title']);
+        });
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_020959_create_approval_steps_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('approval_steps', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('workflow_id')->constrained('approval_workflows')->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->unsignedInteger('order');
+            $table->string('name');
+            $table->string('role');
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('approval_steps');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_020959_create_approval_workflows_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('approval_workflows', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->string('name');
+            $table->text('description')->nullable();
+            $table->boolean('is_active')->default(true);
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('approval_workflows');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_021000_create_travel_requests_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('travel_requests', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->foreignId('workflow_id')->nullable()->constrained('approval_workflows')->nullOnDelete();
+            $table->string('status')->default('Draft');
+            $table->text('reason_summary');
+            $table->string('event_type')->nullable();
+            $table->string('general_type')->nullable();
+            $table->boolean('needs_accommodation')->default(false);
+            $table->boolean('needs_car_hire')->default(false);
+            $table->boolean('vehicle_policy_acknowledged')->default(false);
+            $table->unsignedInteger('business_days')->default(0);
+            $table->unsignedInteger('private_days')->default(0);
+            $table->text('additional_notes')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamp('submitted_at')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('travel_requests');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_021001_create_travel_journeys_table.php

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+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('travel_journeys', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('travel_request_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->string('origin');
+            $table->string('destination');
+            $table->date('date');
+            $table->time('time')->nullable();
+            $table->string('method');
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('travel_journeys');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_021002_create_travel_cost_codes_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('travel_cost_codes', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('travel_request_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->string('business_unit')->nullable();
+            $table->string('project_grant')->nullable();
+            $table->string('account_code')->nullable();
+            $table->string('class_code')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('travel_cost_codes');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_03_05_021003_create_travel_request_approvals_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('travel_request_approvals', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('travel_request_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->foreignId('approval_step_id')->constrained()->cascadeOnDelete();
+            $table->foreignId('approver_id')->nullable()->constrained('users')->nullOnDelete();
+            $table->string('status')->nullable()->default('Pending');
+            $table->text('comments')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamp('acted_at')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamps();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('travel_request_approvals');
+    }
+};

database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Seeders;
+
+use App\Models\ApprovalStep;
+use App\Models\ApprovalWorkflow;
+use App\Models\TravelRequest;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
+
+class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder
+{
+    public function run(): void
+    {
+        // Create roles
+        $this->call(RoleSeeder::class);
+
+        // Create admin user
+        $admin = User::factory()->create([
+            'name' => 'Administrator',
+            'email' => 'admin@example.com',
+            'username' => 'admin',
+            'password' => Hash::make('password'),
+        ]);
+        $admin->assignRole('administrator');
+
+        // Create a travel approver
+        $approver = User::factory()->create([
+            'name' => 'Travel Approver',
+            'email' => 'approver@example.com',
+            'username' => 'approver',
+            'password' => Hash::make('password'),
+        ]);
+        $approver->assignRole('travel_approver');
+
+        // Create a staff user
+        $staff = User::factory()->create([
+            'name' => 'Staff Member',
+            'email' => 'staff@example.com',
+            'username' => 'staff',
+            'password' => Hash::make('password'),
+        ]);
+        $staff->assignRole('staff');
+
+        // Create default approval workflow with 2 steps
+        $workflow = ApprovalWorkflow::create([
+            'name' => 'Standard Travel Approval',
+            'description' => 'Default two-step travel approval workflow',
+            'is_active' => true,
+        ]);
+
+        ApprovalStep::create([
+            'workflow_id' => $workflow->id,
+            'order' => 1,
+            'name' => 'Travel Approver Review',
+            'role' => 'travel_approver',
+        ]);
+
+        ApprovalStep::create([
+            'workflow_id' => $workflow->id,
+            'order' => 2,
+            'name' => 'Administrator Final Approval',
+            'role' => 'administrator',
+        ]);
+
+        // Create sample travel requests for staff
+        TravelRequest::factory(3)->create([
+            'user_id' => $staff->id,
+        ]);
+    }
+}

database/seeders/RoleSeeder.php

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Database\Seeders;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
+use Spatie\Permission\Models\Role;
+
+class RoleSeeder extends Seeder
+{
+    public function run(): void
+    {
+        Role::firstOrCreate(['name' => 'staff']);
+        Role::firstOrCreate(['name' => 'travel_approver']);
+        Role::firstOrCreate(['name' => 'administrator']);
+    }
+}